關于硬質合(he)金(jin)精密加工的介紹
硬(ying)(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合(he)金是(shi)一種硬(ying)(ying)(ying)度非(fei)常(chang)高的(de)(de)材(cai)料，其加(jia)工(gong)過程也是(shi)有一定難(nan)(nan)度的(de)(de)。近年來(lai)隨著科(ke)技的(de)(de)進步和生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)發展，很多工(gong)業(ye)領域(yu)對(dui)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合(he)金工(gong)件的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)要求(qiu)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)高，包括(kuo)精(jing)密(mi)(mi)公(gong)差尺寸和表面粗糙度的(de)(de)高要求(qiu)，以及一些(xie)堅(jian)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)難(nan)(nan)加(jia)工(gong)材(cai)料制成(cheng)的(de)(de)復雜(za)零件。對(dui)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合(he)金精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)提出(chu)了(le)新的(de)(de)挑戰。今天，西迪小(xiao)編(bian)給大(da)家分享的(de)(de)便是(shi)關(guan)于硬(ying)(ying)(ying)質(zhi)合(he)金精(jing)密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)相關(guan)知(zhi)識。
硬質合(he)金精(jing)(jing)(jing)密加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)包括精(jing)(jing)(jing)整加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)光整加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，精(jing)(jing)(jing)整加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是生產中常用(yong)的(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，指的(de)是在精(jing)(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之后(hou)從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件上切(qie)除(chu)很薄的(de)材料層，以(yi)提高工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度和(he)減少(shao)表面的(de)粗(cu)糙度值為目(mu)的(de)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法，如研磨、珩(heng)磨等。而精(jing)(jing)(jing)密加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)光整加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是指不切(qie)除(chu)或者從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件上切(qie)除(chu)極薄材料層，以(yi)降低表面粗(cu)糙度為目(mu)的(de)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法，比如超精(jing)(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、拋光等。
硬質合金精密加工(gong)的研(yan)磨是用研(yan)磨工(gong)具和研(yan)磨劑(ji)，從工(gong)件(jian)上研(yan)去(qu)一(yi)層極薄表面層的精加工(gong)方(fang)法。
采用不同的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)工具，比如研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)芯(xin)棒、研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)套、研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)平板等(deng)，可對(dui)硬質合(he)金(jin)的(de)(de)內(nei)圓、外圓和平面(mian)等(deng)進行研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)。為了磨(mo)料能嵌入研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)套的(de)(de)內(nei)表(biao)面(mian)，研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)套的(de)(de)材(cai)料應該軟一(yi)些，常用的(de)(de)是鑄鐵。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)時先在(zai)工具表(biao)面(mian)涂上一(yi)層均勻(yun)的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑，手持研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)工具在(zai)軸上來回移動，直至達(da)到研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)要求為止。
研磨(mo)的精密加工方法(fa)具(ju)有以(yi)下特點：
1、 經過研磨后的工件(jian)表面，尺寸精度可(ke)以達到IT4-IT1級；表面粗糙度值(zhi)可(ke)減小到0.1-0.0006μm。形狀精度可(ke)相應提高。
2、 生產效率(lv)比較低，加工(gong)余量小。
3、 研磨劑(ji)易飛濺(jian)，污染(ran)環(huan)境。
在現代制造業中，研磨應用非常廣(guang)，許多精密量塊、量規、齒輪、鋼球、噴油(you)嘴、石英晶(jing)體、陶(tao)瓷元件等零件均需研磨。
我們再來(lai)看(kan)看(kan)硬質(zhi)合(he)金精密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)另外一種加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)式珩(heng)磨。珩(heng)磨的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)原理是(shi)利用珩(heng)磨工(gong)(gong)具(ju)對工(gong)(gong)件表(biao)面施(shi)加(jia)一定壓力，珩(heng)磨工(gong)(gong)具(ju)同時作往(wang)復振動(dong)、相對旋轉和直(zhi)線往(wang)復運(yun)動(dong)，切除工(gong)(gong)件上極(ji)小的(de)(de)余量的(de)(de)精密(mi)(mi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)法。
拋光(guang)(guang)是利用機(ji)械、化學(xue)或電化學(xue)地作用，使(shi)工(gong)件獲的光(guang)(guang)亮、平整表面的加(jia)工(gong)方法。拋光(guang)(guang)是安排在工(gong)件精加(jia)工(gong)之后(hou)進行，拋光(guang)(guang)之后(hou)的工(gong)件，粗糙度R值(zhi)可(ke)達0.1-0.012μm，并能明顯(xian)增(zeng)加(jia)光(guang)(guang)亮度，但是不能保(bao)持(chi)原(yuan)有的精度。
硬質合金精(jing)密加工(gong)(gong)還(huan)有很多加工(gong)(gong)方(fang)式，如CNC銑(xian)削(xue)加工(gong)(gong)、慢走絲線切割加工(gong)(gong)、電火花加工(gong)(gong)、數控(kong)車床加工(gong)(gong)等等，今天(tian)給大家介紹(shao)的(de)(de)還(huan)只是(shi)(shi)磨加工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)一小部(bu)分(fen)，硬質合金精(jing)密加工(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)一門(men)大學問，公司在硬質合金精(jing)密加工(gong)(gong)方(fang)面擁有非常雄厚(hou)的(de)(de)實力(li)，配備各類先(xian)進加工(gong)(gong)設備，適(shi)用于(yu)各類高精(jing)密、特種材料(liao)、偏心內外形(xing)、彎頭、復(fu)雜幾何零(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)，歡迎前來咨詢(xun)。
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